Drawing-roll.



E. KEMPSHALL.

DRAWING ROLL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 21,1913.

1,073,994. Patented Sept.23,1913.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELEAZER KEMPSHALL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO KEMPSHALL SUPPLY COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

DRAWING-ROLL.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELnAzEn KEMPSHALL, citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drawing Rolls; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to lettcrs or figures. of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to drawing rolls for spinning machines.

Heretofore it has been the practice to construct drawing, rolls of leather, fabric, rubber and other material, and even yroxylin, and in some cases these materials have been associated with each other in the manufacture of rolls. I have found, however, that because of the physical characteristics of the materials it is not only expensive to manufacture the rolls, but it is practically impossible to produce rolls which will last for any considerable time. Furthermore, in practice, the rolls known to me will in a short time wear on the periphery, and be come concave. Then again, when several of these elements are combined to form a roll, the friction of the thread passing over the roll causes the parts to slip, and therefore destroys the utility of the roll.

In the manufacture of one, the most common form of roll, a piece of fabric is cemented to an iron core, and a cot of leather is slipped over the fabric for the thread to act on. In still another form, a rubber piece is applied to the fabric and then a leather cot is slipped over the rubber, and in still another form the roll is coated with pyroxylin. In the first case, lumps of cement will adhere to the core and in time it forms a rough place in the fabric, with the result that in the operation of the roll, the periphery will become rough, and it is impossible to properly handle the thread. This is due to the fact that the fabric will not accommodate itself to the lumps, because of the lack of proper resiliency. In the second case, while the rubber will yield to accommodate the lumps of cement, it is practically impossible to rigidly hold the rubber and fabric together, hence the rub- Speciflcatlon of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 21, 1913.

Patented Sept. 23,1913.

Serial No. 780,311.

her slips on the fabric with the result that the roll is of no value, even though it may be incased in leather. In the third case, the pyroxylin will not withstand the friction of the thread and the mass is not of the proper resiliency. I have successfully overcome all these difliculties by electing certain of the before mentioned materials and combining same with a view of obtaining the necessary res liency and to also provide a proper base surface to receive the usual leather cot, whereby the latter will by friction effectually grip the base, and absolutely prevent the cot slipping. In other words, I have found by actual experience, that pyroxylin may be employed in the construction of drawing rolls, provided it is associated with other materials which, by their physical characteristics, will protect the pyroxylin, and provide the necessary resiliency. To this end I calender a thin sheet of fabric with a thin layer of pyroxylin, which is cemented to a hardcore, and then slip an endless cot over this base, the cot frictionally engaging the pyroxylin and tightly gripping the same. The leather surface of the cot bears directly on the pyroxylin surface, and because of the physical characteristics of these two materials, the cot does not slip, even under the most adverse circumstances, and as the pyroxylin is intimately associated with the fibers of the fabric,and as the lattcris glued to the core, an absolutely tight connection is formed between the cot and the core, hence slipping of the cot is impossible.

My invention therefore aims to provide a resilient coating for a roll.

In my companion application for patent, for improvements in drawing rolls, executed of even date, I employ rubber in lieu of pyroxylin, but with certain grades of leather, I find that the physical characteristics of pyroxylin cooperate well with the leather, and the cot will be frictionally held in place.

The invention also relates to improvements in the specific details of construction and arrangement of parts and the combination of materials employed, which will be hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings: Figure l is a perspective view of arch constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the parts separated. Fig. 4 is an enlar ed view of a section of the composite material. Fig. is a detail sectional view of a roll before the cot. is finally smoothed out.

The numeral 1 indicates a metal roll provided with the usual trunnion's'2. Around the periphery of the roll is cemented a composite piece of yielding material comprising in the instance shown, fabric and pyroxylin. The pyroxylin 4 is calendered on one surface of the fabric 5, to form a thin layer, so that one side of the composite material is pyroxylin and the opposite side is fabric. In this formation of the material the fibers of the fabric become intimately associated with the inner surface of the pyroxylin, as shown in Fig. 4, so that the two elements are essentially one. This material is sutiiciently elastic for the purpose desired, which is quite vital in the effectiveness of the invention 1 when in practical use. .When the composite defect, the roll provided with the cot is strip of material is cemented to the metal core, the ends 7-7 are spaced apart to a very limited degree, as indicated at 8 in Fig. 5, which is of considerable importance when applying the cot, as will a pear later on in this description. After the strip of composite material is applied the roll is placed between rotating rollers to hold the ends of the material in close contact with the metal while the cement is drying. After the cement sets a thin endless leather cot 5 is forced over the composite material, the cot being of slightl less diameter than the normal diameter 0 the covered portion of the roll. Thus, when the cot is forced on the composite material, it is slightl compressed, which creates considerable riction against the inner surface of the cot, and serves as a means for binding the two elements together. It is at this point in the formation of the roll that the space 8, between. the ends of the composite material is of importance. That is to say, because of the necessity of placing the composite material under compression to form a binder between it and the cot, provision must be made for the slight expansion of the pyroxylin and fabric so as to make the peripher of the finished roll erfectly smooth. en the cot is first applied, the periphery of the roll is slightly uneven, as the material does not uniformly compress in the operation of applying the cot, even though the space 8 may be slightly closed. Now to cure this placed between two revolving weighted rollers, which will distribute the irregular portions of the composite material and spread them equally throughout the whole area'of the circumference. This action stretches the pyroxylin, and the latter being a part of the fabric, the fabric is also stretched until the space 8 is completely closed, and the whole peripherical surface of the completed roll is absolutely uniform and symmetrical. This result cannot be obtained with the use of pyroxylin alone, neither can it be obtained with fabric alone, nor can it be obtained by placing a separate piece of yroxylin over the fabric. It is essential that the physical make-up of the material be such that one element will cooperate with the other, so that when the pyrox lin stretches,

it will be held in place by the abric and cot,

and will be set in a fixed position, yet the resiliency of the surface of a completed roll as a whole is maintained. After the cot has been applied, the ends are trimmed and closed in against the edge of the composite roll as shown at 10. This'last step is quite essential, for it forms a complete closure for the pyroxylin and fabric and thereby prevents the admission'of air. Furthermore, the closin of the ends of the cot serves to prevent t e composite material spreading longitudinally.

A roll thus constructed, possesses decided advantages .over the art,v familiar to me, in that I am able to successfully employ py- 'roxylin to obtain thenecessary resiliency,

and at the same time article.

When a lump of cement forms under the fabric, it usually produces a rough surface after the roll is operated for a short time, hence the utility of the article is destroyed, for it is of the utmost importance that the peripher be perfectly smooth. If lumps of cement orm under the composite material, it will, of course, form a seat in the fabric the same as in the old form of rolls, due to the lack of proper resilience in the material. But the pyroxylin coating will yield and accommodate the irre larity of the lump, and as the leather cot is pressing hard against the pyroxylin surface, the effect of the slight distortion in the material is dissipated, hence the peripherical surface is not affected, and it remains perfectly smooth. While the pyroxylin will yield to accommodate the lump, it must be understood that the resiliency of the pyroxylin directly over the lump is in no way impaired, for there is sufficient material to preserve this characteristic of the material.

I place considerable importance in the use of fabric, pyroxylin and leather in the formation of the roll, as the fabric tends to cushion the pyroxylin, and therefore it is slow in its action, which is quite essential, and to insure against slipping, I find it necessary that the pyroxylin and fabric be so intimately associated as to form practically a unit. The leather will not slip on the pyroxylin surface, the physical characteristics of the two materials eing such as to form a frictional grip, hence even if the cot be slightly too large, slipping is avoided, and

preserve the life of the as the pyroxylin is protected from the air, the life of a roll is materially prolon ed. Another most important result I accomp ish by employing a composite base is that when the cot wears, another can be substituted. This is largely due to the fact that the pyroxylin is protected and confined, and does not mat. The pressure created by the thread passing on the roll simply causes the surface to yield, and after the pressure is removed, the parts assume normal position, so that the leather wears by constant friction with the thread, and in no way disturbs or affects the composite material.

What I claim is:

1. A drawing roll comprising a hard core, a layer of composite material on the hard core, the composite material comprising an inner layer of fabric and an outer calendered layer of pyroxylin, the fabric and pyroxylin being intimately intermingled with each other and forming a single piece, and an endless leather cot fitting over and com pressing the com osite material, the leather contacting with t e pyroxylin and the out- Ward expansion of the composite material serving to prevent the cot slipping.

2. A drawing roll comprising a hard core, a layer of composite material on the hard core, the composite material comprising an inner layer of fabric and an outer calendered layer of pyroxylin, the fabric and pyroxylin being intimately intermingled with each other and forming a single piece, and an endless leather cot fitting over and compressin the composite material, the leather I contacting with the pyroxylin and the outward expansion of the composite material serving to revent the cot slipping, the ends of the cot Being folded over and secured to the ends of the roll to inclose the pyroxylin and prevent admission of air.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ELEAZER KEMPSI-IALL.

Witnesses:

Enwann T. Pmnoa, LOUISA B. BUSHNELL. 

